射电终端发展与110m射电望远镜终端系统

Development of radio backend and 110m radio telescope backend system

终端系统作为射电望远镜的组成部分,将接收机放大的射电信号作为输入,功能是实现射电信号的数字化和信号处理,并将处理后的数据送入存储设备.数字终端已替代模拟终端成为射电望远镜的标准配置,多功能数字终端系统日趋完善.硬件平台包括现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)、图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)、中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)和集成众核(Many Integrated Core.MIC)等,为数字终端的研制提供了丰富选择.计划在新疆奇台建设的110 m射电望远镜(QiTai Radia Telescope,QTT)设计了L,S,C,K波段宽带/超宽带单波束接收机,L波段相控阵馈源(Phased Array Feed,PAF)和Q,W波段传统多波束接收机,需研制匹配的超宽带数字终端系统.本文在综述了射电望远镜终端系统的发展和国内外现状基础上,构思和讨论了采用开放FPGA平台+GPU集群为基础的QTT终端系统的设计方案和研制思路.

Backend system,as a part of the radio telescope,receives the radio signal which is amplified by the receiver,lays its emphasis on signal digitization and processing,and sends the processed data into storage system.Digital backend as a standard facility of radio telescope takes the place of analog backend,and multi-functional backend system is on its way to perfection.The backend hardware platforms,such as FPGA,GPU,CPU,and MIC,and they can be chosen when designing radio telescope backend system.The 110 m radio telescope（QTT）,which is proposed to be built in Xinjiang Qitai,is planned with L,S,C,K wide/ultrawide band single pixel receivers,L band PAF and Q,W band conventional multibeam receivers,and the adaptive ultrawide band digital backend system will also be designed.Based on development of radio telescope backend system and introduction of worldwide research frontiers,we discussed and designed the digital backend plan and roadmap for QTT.