普通烟草长叶柄突变性状的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of long petiole mutant traits in Nicotiana tabacum L.

叶柄是烟草叶片的重要组成部分,烟草长叶柄性状遗传分析可用于研究烟草叶柄和叶片的发育。利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变普通烟草烤烟品种中烟100和红花大金元各获得一个(极)长叶柄突变体(M48和M50),将两个突变体分别与各自的野生型中烟100和红花大金元及普通烟草烤烟品种革新三号杂交获得F_1,F_1自交获得F_2群体,F_1与其相应的野生型亲本回交获得BC_1F_1群体。对各类型材料进行表型调查和统计分析结果显示:F_1均表现为(极)长叶柄突变表型,在F_2群体和BC_21F_1群体中,经χ~2检验,(极)长叶柄突变表型与野生型表型的理论分离比均符合3:1和1:1,表明(极)长叶柄突变性状由染色体上一对显性单基因控制。上述结果为进一步定位和克隆(极)长叶柄突变基因,揭示其在烟草叶柄和叶片发育中的作用奠定基础。

Genetic analysis of long petiole traits of Nicotiana tabacum L. was conducted to study the development of tobacco petiole and leaf. A long and very long petioles mutants （M48, M50） whose wild type had no petioles was obtained respectively from Nicotiana tobacum L. varieties Zhongyan100（ZY） and Honghuadajinyuan （HD） by EMS mutagenesis. The long petiole mutants were hybridized with their own wild type Zhongyan100 and Honghuadajinyuan respectively, as well as Nicotiana tobacum L. variety Gexinsanhao （G3）, resulting in the formation of F1. The F1 was self-crossed to obtain F2 population and were then backcrossed to respective wild types to get BC1F1 population. Phenotypic investigation and statistical analysis results of all materials showed that F1 was all characterized by a （very） long petiole mutation phenotype. Theoretical separation ratio of mutant phenotypes and wild type phenotypes conformed to 3：1 and 1：1 by the chi square test in F2 and BC1F1 populations. It was suggested that the trait of （very） long petiole mutant was controlled by a pair of dominant single gene on the chromosome. These results laid solid foundation for further （very） long petiole mutant gene mapping and cloning, revealing its role in the development of tobacco petiole and leaf.