中美战略关系话语构建再思考:分歧与前景

Rethink the Discourse Construction of China-US Strategic Relationship:Differences and Prospects

中美战略关系定位是中国对美外交实践的重要指导思想与理论依据。习近平提出构建中美"新型大国关系",打破了多年来中美战略关系定位多由美国定义的局面。虽然美国对"新型大国关系"的概念与可行性存有质疑,但是他们部分认同"新型大国关系"中蕴含着的"不对抗、不冲突"及"合作共赢"的理念。中美制度性竞争与战略博弈加剧、意识形态与文化差异、中国理论论证力不足与对外媒体发展滞后在某种程度上对"新型大国关系"话语构建构成阻力。虽然特朗普当选给"中美新型大国关系"的构建带来了很大的不确定性,但是他理性、善于妥协以及向权威学习的一面,可以对中美构建"新型大国关系"起到一定的积极作用。中国在中美战略关系定位上要保持主动性与前瞻性,要坚持把中美战略关系定位为合作关系,对美国要采取顺势而为、以静制动、以柔克刚的话语策略。

The orientation of China-US strategic relationship is an important guiding thought and theoretical basis of China＇s diplomatic practice toward the US. Xi Jinping proposed to build ＂new model of China-US relationship＂, which broken the situation that China-US strategic relationship had been defined mostly by the US for years. Although the US query the concept and feasibility of ＂new model of China-US relationship＂, they partly agree the notion of ＂no confrontation, no conflict＂ and ＂win-win cooperation＂. The factors that affect the discourse power of ＂new model of China-US relationship＂ include increasing tensions of China-US institutional competition and strategic games, differences of ide- ologies and cultures between them, the lack of China＇s theoretical framework as well as disadvantages of China＇s foreign media development. Although Trump Administration brings uncertainty to the building of ＂new model of China-US relationship＂, his advantage of rational and compromising personality as well as spirit learning from experts, may take positive effect on the discourse construction of China- US new model relationship. China should take the initiative to construct the strategic relationship with the US, and insist on positioning the China-US strategic relationship as a cooperative one. China should also take advantage of opportunities to adopt static but flexible, soft but unyielding strategy towards the US.