我国两种典型地质灾害区划技术发展现状述评

Status review on two kinds of typical geological hazard zoning techniques in China

滑坡和地震土体液化是都会造成严重损失的两种典型地质灾害,其区划技术的研究和应用对我国防灾减灾事业发展均具有重要意义。简要阐述了我国滑坡和地震土体液化区划技术的发展历程,通过二者之间的相互比对及与国际先进水平的比较,给出了这两种技术当前水平评价。对比结果表明:我国滑坡区划技术的研究和应用水平与国际接轨,已经拥有服务于不同目标的多尺度的区划方法和成果,其水平明显高于地震液化区划技术;我国大陆地震土体液化区划水平较为落后,主要不足为指标和尺度单一与技术平台落后,难以满足防震减灾工作实际需求,也无法对液化灾害的震后快速评估工作提供技术支持。

Landslides and seismic soil liquefaction are two kinds of typical geological disaster causing serious losses, the research and application of their zoning technique are of great significance to the development of disaster preven- tion and mitigation in China. In this paper, the development process of zoning technique of landslide and seismic liquefaction in China was briefly expounded first. Through the comparison between them and with the international advanced level, the current levels of these two techniques then were presented. The comparison results indicate the level of research and application of landslide zoning techniques in China has gotten into the track of international standards and the zoning techniques serve different targets in different scales already. By contrast, the level of zon- ing techniques of seismic soil liquefaction is relatively backward in China. The main problems of zoning techniques of seismic soil liquefaction are that the index and scale are single and the technique level is backward. As a result, it is difficult to meet the actual demand of the earthquake disaster prevention and reduction and cannot provide tech- nical support for the rapid assessment of liquefaction damages after earthquakes.