面向职场情境的工程教育改革研究——兼谈人力资源市场供给侧结构性改革

Context-based Profession-oriented Engineering Education Reform

在中国新常态经济发展战略中,供给侧结构性改革成为主导模式。人力资源市场的供给侧结构性改革首当其冲。改革的本质是教育供给侧首先要全面深入调查研究社会、产业、家庭对专业教育的真实需求,然后根据自身条件和资源确定人才培养定位和培养目标,再设计实施课程体系和教学计划,落实教学大纲的逐项要求,提高教育质量和效率,满足关键利益相关者的需要,并接受职场的评价和考核。由于社会经济发展和民生的广大需求,绝大多数专业教育是培养"应用型"人才,因此政府政策和资源应当向"应用型"专业教育倾斜。本文就工程教育面向职场情境的需求分析、发展的共性原则、课程改革等问题进行研究和讨论,得到的结论对于其它专业教育也有借鉴意义。

In China＇s New Normal economic development, the primary mode is supply-side structural reform, among which the human resource market has become the first to be affected. The essence of reform requires the supply-side institutions to thoroughly study the real needs of society, industries and families for professional education, and decide their own objectives on cultivating professional talents for the HR market according to their resources and conditions. Based on the target and required out- comes, the institutes should design and implement the curricula and academic programs in order to re- alize each item in the syllabus of programs. They should raise education quality and efficiency to meet requirements of the key relevants and accept their evaluation and assessment. To cope with the economic development and satisfy the livelihood needs of the whole society, most of the professional education is application oriented. Thus priority of government resources and policy should be given to application-oriented professional education. Taking the engineering education as an example, the paper discusses its requirement analysis, the general principle of development and curricula design. It is sug- gested that the conclusion also contribute to other fields of professional education.