民族国家还是全球公共领域——国际公共传播研究范式分析

Nation State or Global Public Sphere? Two Research Paradigms of International Public Communication

通过对国际公共传播中民族国家和全球公共领域两种研究范式的分析,界定了两者不同的逻辑边界,分别对其主体、话语与渠道、存在问题等进行了辨析。理论是对现实具有解释力的抽象逻辑分析工具,研究认为,两者均是当前全球格局下有价值的分析方法,应由研究者根据研究对象、研究立场、研究价值的判断,择一使用。民族国家范式的国际公共传播,公共外交、软实力存在一定程度的重合,多元参与并不能改变一元主体的现实,应着重推动非官方政治的社会领域的参与。而全球公共领域范式对于多元主体理性对话的关注,将提供分析全球化和互联网革命有价值的理论工具,并可能推动更加民主的全球社会的形成。

This paper analyses two research paradigms of international public communication,the nation-state and the global public sphere,by defining the two concepts and comparing their subjects,discourses,channels,and problems.Theory,as an abstracted logical tool,should be able to be used to analyze and explain social reality.Both paradigms,under such perspective,are useful in the current situation,and can be chosen by researchers based on their objects of research and values.This paper concludes that the nation-state paradigm,with much similarity to public diplomacy and soft power research,still follows a single-subject model despite of multiple participation,and for a nation-state the social sector is more important than government.The global public sphere paradigm,meanwhile,puts more emphasis on multiple subjects’rational dialogue,carrying the potential to offer new analytical tools for globalization and the internet revolution,and offering the possibility to promote a more democratic earth.This research is a positive theoretical construction rather than a review of previous research,with the attempt to offer new support to public communication research from an international perspective.