2010年与2015年贵州省土壤侵蚀的等级变化

Grade Variation of Soil Erosion in Guizhou from 2010 to 2015

为贵州省水土流失生态治理提供科学依据,以贵州省2010年和2015年的土壤侵蚀遥感监测为基础,采用"3S"技术与高分辨率遥感影像解译相结合的方法,对贵州省土壤侵蚀变化趋势进行研究。结果表明:贵州省土壤侵蚀由西北至东南逐渐减轻,西部、西北部及东北部流失最严重;全省土壤侵蚀以轻度侵蚀与中度侵蚀为主,占水土流失面积的53.50%;各地州市水土流失严重程度依次为毕节市>六盘水市>铜仁市>黔西南州>遵义市>安顺市>贵阳市>黔南州>黔东南州。2015年贵州省水土流失较2010年呈面积减少、程度减轻趋势,生态环境质量明显改善。土壤侵蚀等级变化类型中改善型占据主要部分,占发生土壤侵蚀等级变化总面积的72.91%。

The variation trend of soil erosion was analyzed by ＂3S＂ technology and high-resolution remote sensing imagery interpretation based on soil erosion remote monitoring in Guizhou in 2010 and 2015 to provide a reference for ecological management of soil erosion in Guizhou. Results： The soil erosion degree gradually reduces from northwest to southeast and soil erosion in northern, northwestern and northeastern is very serious. The soil erosion area with mild and moderate erosion degree accounts for 53.50G of total soil erosion area in Guizhou. The soil erosion degree of different prefectures （cities） is Bijie City〉 Liupanshui City 〉Tongren City 〉 Qianxinan Prefecture 〉Zunyi City 〉 Anshun City Guiyang City〉 Qiannan Prefecture 〉 Qiandongnan Prefecture. The area and degree of soil erosion in 2015 reduce compared with in 2010, which indicates that the ecological environment quality improves obviously in Guizhou. The improvement type occupies the major part in grade variation types of soil erosion and the area of the improvement type accounts for 72.91% of total area with grade variation of soil erosion.