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青海省人间鼠疫流行病学分析 被引量:15

Epidemiological characteristics of human plague in Qinghai province
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摘要 目的探讨青海省人间鼠疫流行势态,为调整青海省鼠疫防制对策提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对青海省人间鼠疫的分布和流行状况进行分析。结果 1958-2016年间,青海省发生人间鼠疫疫情188起,发病468例,死亡240例,病死率为51.28%;流行期为每年的5-11月,高峰在7-9月,以9月份最高;累计28个县(市)发生人间鼠疫,囊欠、玉树、共和、兴海和曲麻莱等地区病例数较多。患者感染方式以剥食染疫旱獭为主,其次为疫蚤叮咬,染疫藏系绵羊传播位居第三位。468名病例中以肺型居多,首发以腺型为高。结论青海省人间鼠疫发病形势总体呈下降趋势,鼠疫防治策略精准,措施有效。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human plague in Qinghai province, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague. Methods The distribution and epidemic situation of human plague in Qinghai province were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results 188 outbreaks of human plague had occurred in Qinghai province from 1958 to 2016. There were 468 plague cases, 240 of the cases died, fatality rate was 51.28%. The epidemic of plague was from May to November. The case number was higher from July to September, peaked in September. Human plague had occurred in accumulative total of 28 counties (cities). There were more human cases in Nangqian, Yushu, Gonghe, Xinghai and Qumalai. The first route of transmission was flaying and eating marmot, followed by been bited by flea, the third was contacting with Tibetan sheep and its products. Most of the plague cases were pulmonic plague. Most of the initial cases were bubonic plague. Conclusion The monitoring data revealed that the plague case number had showed a downward trend. The prevention and control strategy of plague is correct and effective.
出处 《首都公共卫生》 2017年第2期50-52,共3页 Capital Journal of Public Health
基金 国家自然科学基金(编号:81360450) 青海省鼠疫防控及研究重点实验室(编号:青科发政[2016]6号)
关键词 鼠疫 流行病学特征 青海 Plague Epidemiology characteristic Qinghai
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