日喀则市一起感染性腹泻暴发疫情流行病学调查

An epidemiological investigation on infectious diarrhea outbreak in Shigatse

目的分析感染性腹泻疫情暴发的传染源、传播途径和感染危险因素,为有效防控该类疫情提供科学依据。方法对腹泻学生开展流行病学调查。采用描述流行病学的方法对资料进行分析,并采集水样、食品留样和部分腹泻学生粪便标本开展实验室检测。结果本起疫情累计报告病例84例,病例均为学生。疫情罹患率为4.91%(84/1 712),病例无班级聚集性。对留样饭菜及食堂从业人员粪便标本进行检测,未检出致病菌。对学生区饮用水源及患病学生粪便进行检测,饮用水源及病例粪便标本中均检出大场埃希氏菌。结论此起暴发疫情的致病病原体为致泻性大肠埃希氏菌。疫情发生学校化粪池渗漏导致饮用水水源受污染,学生饮用了受污染的生水是导致此起暴发疫情发生的主要原因。

Objective To investigate on the source of infection, route of transmission and risk factors of infectious diarrhea outbreak, and provide scientific evidences for the disease prevention and control. Methods Students with diarrhea were investigated. Description epidemiological method was used to analyze and describe the data. Samples of water, food and faeces of some cases were collected to carry out the detection. Results 84 students were infected with infectious diarrhea, and attack rate was 4.91% （84/1712）. No class clustering was reported. No pathogenic bacteria was detected in the food and the dining staff stool. Test results showed that Escherichia coli were found in the drinking water and the faeces sample. Conclusion This outbreak was caused by diarrheic Escherichia coli, Students drunk the water polluted by leaky septic tank, that was the main reason for the outbreak.