固有免疫在微小隐孢子虫感染中的作用

The role of innate immunity in defending against infection with Cryptosporidium parvum

微小隐孢子虫(Cryptosporidium parvum)是引起人类尤其是2岁以下婴幼儿腹泻的重要病原体。由于该病原体具有"微创"的特性,上皮细胞作为固有免疫的第一道屏障,在抵抗微小隐孢子虫感染中发挥着重要的作用。本文从上皮细胞分泌的效应分子、模式识别受体的激活、miRNA的调节、外泌体的释放以及补体系统等几个方面进行综述,以阐明固有免疫在抵抗微小隐孢子虫感染中的作用机制。

Cryptosporidium parvum is an important pathogen that causes diarrhea in humans, especially in children 〈 2 years. Because of the“minimally invasive” nature of Cryptosporidium parasites, the innate immune responses mediated by epithelial cells are critical for the host to defend against infection, particularly infection with Cryptosporidium. In this review, we focus on the effector molecules secreted by epithelial cells, pattern recognition receptor activation, miRNA regulation, exosome release, and the complement system, in order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the role of innate immunity in defending against infection with Cryptosporidium parvum.