揭秘与去蔽:钱钟书视域中的神秘主义言说模式

Expose and Aletheuein:QIAN Zhong-shu's View of the Speech Pattern of Mysticism

以《管锥编》论《老子王弼注》部分为中心,钱钟书深刻剖析了以《老子》为代表的神秘主义的基本言说模式。通过解读《老子》"道可道"章,钱钟书提出了"道"不可名而致多名、"道"不可言而致多言这一命题;在此基础上,他尖锐批评了神秘主义"圣默然"的极端主张,认为其中蕴含了无法克服的内在矛盾。钱钟书认为神秘主义灵活运用"反者,道之动"式的辩证法,自有其独特的言说方式,或以言去言,或正言若反,或以默佐言。钱钟书对神秘主义言说模式的探讨与他对相关文学问题的论说密切相关。

Trough the interpretation of Laotse＇s mysticism, QIAN Zhong-shu makes in-depth analysis of the speech pattern of mysticism. After interpreting the first chapter of Laotse, QIAN puts forward the thesis that it is the non-speakable nature of Tao （道） that allows for various interpretation of Tao. On this basis, QIAN sharply criticizes the radical proposal of mysticism that saints should keep sagely silence, and believes the proposal contains insurmountable internal contradictions. QIAN points out that mysticism, by using dialectical method such as Laotse＇s belief of ＂Tao is perpetual motion of contradiction＂, has its own way of expression： using words to invalidate words or validating what it means by saying less and even the opposite. QIAN＇s analysis of the speech pattern of mysticism is closely related to his exposition of related literary issues.