田野政治学:村治研究与中国政治学的重建——以中国村民自治研究为重点表述对象

Field Politics:Village Governance and Reconstruction of China's Political science——On Self Governance of Chinese Villages

当前,村治研究遇冷不能看作是村治研究的失败,只是村治研究从热议回归到正常的学术轨道,为此,需要对这段公共学术运动进行回顾和展望。村治研究是20世纪以来有关农村研究的第二次学术高潮,促成了乡村政治与政治学的相遇,在研究中逐渐形成学术自觉,并将实证研究方法引入其中,推动研究主题的深化,不仅拓展了中国政治学研究领域,而且在关键时期推动了整个政治学向前发展。同时,村治研究也面临着学科化与问题导向、个案村庄与整体社会、本土化与接轨思维等多方面的挑战,未来能否建立田野政治学赖于对上述挑战的因应。

At present,the cooling down of village governance study cannot be regarded as failure rather than return back to its normal track. Hence reviewing and looking forward are needed for this public academic movement.The village governance study is the second academic climax of rural studies in the 20 th century,which has led to the encounter between rural politics and political science. The study has gradually brought academic consciousness up and introduced the empirical research method in to deepen the research theme. It not only Expanded the field of China's political science,but also promoted the development of the political science in the critical period. At the same time,the village governance study is also facing challenges of research disciplines and choice of problem-orientation,case study for individual village as well as the whole society,localization and convergence of different ways of thinking. Whether the field politics can be established in the future depends on the response to the above challenges.