皮肤成纤维细胞构建组织工程化肌腱的初步研究

Tissue engineered tendon with skin fibroblasts as seed cells, a preliminary study

目的 探讨以皮肤成纤维细胞为种子细胞的组织工程化肌腱体内形成。方法 取猪自体皮肤成纤维细胞经体外培养、扩增 ,与可吸收生物材料聚羟基乙酸形成细胞—生物材料复合物 ,将该复合物植入手术缺损的右侧趾浅屈肌腱处 ,6周取材 ,对标本进行大体、组织学、电镜检查及生物力学评价。结果 新生组织在大体形态、细胞与胶原排列方式上与正常肌腱相似。新生组织的最大张力和最大应力分别为 1 73 0± 1 8 2与 1 8 9± 1 9N/mm2 ,分别达到左侧同一部位正常肌腱的 57 4%与51 9%。

Objective To investigate the effect of tissue engineered tendon using autologous dermal fibroblasts in repairing tendon damage. Methods Skin tissues were resected from abdomen of 5 pigs. Fibroblasts were isolated from the skin pieces and cultured in vitro. Bundles of polyglycolic acid (PGA) were arranged in parallel and mixed with the suspension of fibroblasts to form a cell scaffolded construct, which was further cultured in vitro for 1 week. The tendon of musculus flexor digitorum superficialis of pig′s right leg was cut with a defect 3 cm long and then bridged with the cultured construct. Six weeks later, specimens of the regenerated tendon of right musculus flexor digitorum superficialis and specimens of corresponding left leg were taken for gross examination, microscopy and biomechanical analysis. Results After implantation of the fibroblast biomaterial complex the wounds healed up and the pigs moved well. The histology of the implanted tendon was similar to that of natural tendon. The breaking strength and maximum tensile force were 173.0±18.2N and 18.9±1.9MPa, reaching 57 4% and 51.9% of those of normal tendon respectively. Conclusion Skin fibroblasts can be used as seed cells to regenerate tendon with normal structure and function.