中国农业供给侧结构性改革:生态、文化与历史的观照

Agricultural Supply-Side Structural Reform in China:Projection from Ecology,Culture and History

作为一项划时代的战略选择,农业供给侧结构性改革标志着我国农业发展从"温饱型"向"小康型"的转型,此种转型需要中国未来的农业精准应对供给与需求的动态变化以及外来的冲击。推进农业供给侧结构性改革,须以精准认识生态、文化与历史为前提。这是因为:其一,农业是一项对其所处生态背景依赖性极强的特殊产业,如果对农业经营中的生态背景缺乏精准的认识,这项改革就可能会落空;其二,农业生产的社会保障和农产品的消费偏好,必然与特定的民族文化息息相关,如果对所涉民族文化缺乏精准的认识,改革同样无法落到实处,特别是在跨文化背景下,更是难以精准落实;其三,作为一个历史悠久的农业大国,我国农业发展的走向不可避免地与历史积淀有着内在的关联性,如果不能精准认识历史,现有农业政策就难以排开来自历史的误判及其造成的干扰,进而影响到改革的精准落实。

As an epochal strategic choice, ＂Agricultural Supply - Side Structural Reform＂ marks the transformation of Chi-nese agricultural development from ＇＂ subsistence type＂ to ＂well - off type＂, which needs precision to cope with both dy-namic change from supply and demand, and external shock. Accurate cognition to ecology, culture and history should betook as a premise for pushing forward＂ Agricultural Supply -Side Structural Reform＂. Firstly, this reform would fail, if aprecise cognition on ecological background on which agriculture operation strongly depends is lacked. Secondly, this reformwould not be easily realized, if a precise cognition on the certain ethnic culture is overlooked, especially under the back-ground of cross - cultures. A certain ethnic culture is closely linked with social security of agricultural production and con-sumer preference of agricultural products. Thirdly, the history should be mastered precisely so as to remove all disturbancesfrom misunderstanding and misjudging of its history during the formulation of agricuhural policies and to realize precise im-plementation of the reform, because there is an innate connection between Chinese agricultural development tendency andits long history.