西双版纳自然保护区勐养子保护区亚洲象肇事特点及损失情况分析

Conflict Characteristic of human-elephant and Its Damage in Mengyangzi Natural Reserve,Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve

近年来,亚洲象肇事越来越频繁,造成巨大的经济损失。通过对2011—2015年亚洲象在勐养子保护区周边肇事赔损数据分类、统计和分析发现:在损害类型上,亚洲象肇事对农作物、经济作物的赔损金额所占比例最高,分别为44.11%和52.44%;在受损空间分布上,仅发生在大渡岗乡、勐养镇、普文镇和基诺乡,其中大渡岗乡的关坪村委会、大干坝村委会和勐养镇的跳坝河村委会赔损次数累积达到1 000次以上;在肇事时间上,主要是第三、四季度,其中11月和12月份赔损金额最大;在作物选择上,玉米核损金额最高,其次是橡胶和稻谷。为缓解人象冲突,提出加强野生动物栖息地保护与管理,建设食物源基地及生物廊道等建议。

In recent years, the conflict of human - elephant has been more and more severe, and caused huge economic losses. Based on classification, statistics and analysis the losses data in Mengyang natural reserve between 2011 and 2015, results showed the losses of food crops and economic crops were higher than others, which accounted for 44. 11% and 52.44% respectively. The damaged spatial distribution only occurred at the town of Dadugang, Mengyang, Puwen and Jinuo, especially the Guanping village committee, Daganba of Dadugang town and Tiaobahe of Mengyang town, which cumulated over 1000 times of losses. The accidents＇ occurring time mainly occurred at the third and fourth quarter and biggest losses happened in November and December. On the choice of crops, corn brought the maximum amount of losses, followed by rubber and rice. Therefore, the paper carried out scientific suggestions for relieving human -elephant conflicts e. g. strengthen management of wildlife habitat, set up food source base, and wildlife corridors.