执行功能眼动测量任务的应用

The application of executive function to oculomotor tasks

执行功能一直受到研究者的广泛关注,现已积累了适合于不同年龄阶段的测量任务,这些任务多采用手动反应的形式,如针对任务的不同要求,一个键对应一种特性,进行按键反应,最后通过按键速度和反应的正确率评价被试的执行功能水平。近些年来,随着眼动追踪技术的发展和认知心理学研究的深入,眼动研究不再仅限于阅读研究之中,研究者设计了一些眼动任务用于测量执行功能,如正向眼跳、反向眼跳和撤销眼跳任务等,成果明显。本文主要对这些适用于执行功能测量的眼动任务及其应用进行了介绍,为执行功能的发展、跨文化比较以及特殊群体执行功能缺陷研究的开展提供更丰富的测量工具。

Executive function has been widely concerned by researchers, and the tasks have been accu mulated to measure different age groups. Executive function tasks were normally used by manual reaction; for example, one key corresponds to one condition to reach the different requirement of the task, and the level of executive function can be identified by the speed and accuracy of key-press. Recently, with the de- velopment of cognitive psychology and eye tracking technology, eye movement researches are no longer limited to reading study; some eye movement tasks are used for measuring execntive function successfully, such as prosaccade task, antisaccade task and countermanding saccade task. The purpose of this study is to introduce the eye movement tasks which are suitable for executive function measurement~ and the applica- tion to provide more abundant measurement tools for the researches of developmental characters and the comparison between different cultures and executive dysfunction in special groups.