中外社会学教育方式的差异对费孝通的影响

The influence of differences of sociology education mode between China and foreign countries on Fei Xiaotong

费孝通先生作为一个人类学家和社会学家,求学期间曾在中国和英国学习。在理论教学方式上,中国施行"先生讲与学生听"的教学模式;而英国主张"师生平等"对话,积极引导学生发言,学会自己思考。在实践调查训练方面,西方早期和当时的中国社会存在许多"摇椅上的人类学家",或较少有学者注重本土化的研究。费孝通在中外老师的教育指导下,跨越文野之别,将理论和人文精神很好地融合在社会调查之中。中外教育方式的不同体现在费孝通各个时期的著作中,影响了其一生的学术生涯。

Fei Xiaotong, an anthropologist and sociologist, studied in China and England during his studies. In the theoretical teaching mode, China implements the teaching mode of ＂speak with the students＂ and the English advocate the ＂equality between teachers and students＂ dialogue and actively guide students to speak and learn to think; in practice survey training, in the early Western and then Chi- nese society, there are a large number of ＂the anthropologists on rocking chairs＂, or few scholars focusing on localization of the study. Fei Xiaotong under the guidance of education in Chinese and foreign teachers, integrates the theory and the human spirit in the social survey across cultural differences between China and foreign Countries. The different ways of Chinese and foreign education are reflected in Fei Xiaotong^s writings of various periods, affecting his life＇s academic career.