吐鲁番盆地坎儿井现状及衰败的影响因素分析

Analysis on the Present Status of Karez in Turpan Depression and the Influencing Factors to Its Decline

近10年来,吐鲁番盆地坎儿井衰败的速度日益加重。根据相关资料,介绍了吐鲁番盆地坎儿井存在的现状;分析了其衰败的原因,主要原因是人口膨胀、绿洲耕地的需求量增加,坎儿井水源补给减少,机电井的增加及其布局的不合理。同时探讨了坎儿井的减少对吐鲁番盆地的影响,提示人们应采取一定的措施来科学地保护坎儿井这一古老的水利工程。

Karez has declined at an increasingly fast speed in the recent 10 years in Turpan Depression. According to the relevant data, the present situation of karez in Turpan Depression was introduced; the main reasons for karez decline were analyzed including population expan- sion, increasing demand for oasis farmland, water supply reduction, increase of eleetromechanica] well and unreasonable layout. Effects of karez redution on Turpan Depression were discussed, it was revealed that certain countermeasures should be adopted to protect the ancient water conservancy project karez.