一个诠释学经典范例:伽达默尔对柏拉图的解释

A Classical Case of Hermeneutics——Plato Interpreted by Gadamer

经典诠释学是对经典诠释的第二序研究。本文试图以哲学诠释学的创立者伽达默尔对柏拉图《斐多篇》的解释为例,探讨诠释学的一些根本问题。柏拉图《斐多篇》中的"第二最佳航行",即"遁入逻各斯",本是西方科学文明的重大转折,但在今天应作何种解释呢?在柏拉图那里,摹本原是原型的影子,是次要性的东西,但在伽达默尔的诠释里,摹本成了最重要的东西,原型唯有通过摹本才得到"存在的扩充"。传统的继承并不是通过所谓抽象继承,而是通过诠释,只有通过源源不绝的新诠释,传统才保有其取之不竭的活力和力道。诠释学不是独断论,有限性意识与尊重他者是诠释学最重要的特征。诠释学是古典哲学研究的新途径。

This paper tries to probe into some fundamental issues by Gadamer＇s interpretation of Phaedo written by Plato. ＂Into the Logos＂ in Phaedo marks the important turn of the Western civilization, but how is it interpreted today.9 The original copy is the prototype of shadow in Plato＇s theory, but in Gadamer Hermeneutics the original copy is the most important copy. Tradition is inherited by way of interpreta- tion, and tradition can keep its vigor and strength by continuous interpretation. Hermeneutics is not dog- matism. Limited awareness and respect for others are the most important characteristics of Hermeneutics. And Hermeneutics is a new approach to the classical philosophy.