近代中、日两国引介斯宾塞学说的差异及原因

A Comparative Study of the Differences between and causes of Modern China and Meiji Japan's Introduction and Absorption of Herbert Spencer

本文尝试从跨文化的视角,对近代中国和日本引进斯宾塞思想学说的情况作一比较研究。斯宾塞学说传到中、日两国的时间、内容上的侧重点、政治社会影响等各不相同,由此可以看出:一种思想学说,在交流传播过程中,作为引进主体的一方,往往要根据本土的政治社会环境和历史文化传统而作出选择、取舍,以适应本土的社会现实之需要。

From a cross -cultural perspective, the authors attempt to make a comparetuw ~uuy ern China and Meiji Japan＇ s respective translation and absorption of the British philosopher Herbert Spencer, whose doctrine was introduced to China and Japan at different times with different intellectual focus and different socio - political impacts. Comparison demonstrates that an idea or doctrine usually needs to be adapted, in the course of communication and promulgation, to the native socio - political en- vironment as well as the native historical and cultural tradition so as to suit the practical needs.