《古文尚书》“十六字”真伪辨正——以朱熹对《中庸》首章道心—人心的诠释为核心

The True or False of “Sixteen Words” from Ancient Book of History——Moral Mind and Human Mind from The Doctrine of Mean Explained by Zhu Xi

宋元以来,陆续有学者怀疑《古文尚书》"十六字"的真伪。清人阎若璩通过细致的辨伪工作,更使"十六字"系伪造之说成为定谳。朱熹视舜之"十六字"为"孔门传授心法",是为道统之传。通过朱熹将"十六字"与《中庸》首章的对读,可以看到他为"十六字"不伪所提供的义理依据。这为我们提供了以下启示:疑经、辨经固然重要,但获得义理价值,把经典之所以成为经典的意义全幅呈现,或许是更为重要的。

Since the Song and Yuan dynasties, scholars had begun to be suspicious of the true or false of the ＂Sixteen Words＂ from Ancient Book of History. Yan Ruo - qu in the Qing dynasty thought that the ＂Sixteen Words＂ were false, which seems to be acknowledged. Zhu Xi thought the ＂Sixteen Words＂ is of moral mind. By way of comparison between ＂Sixteen Words＂ and the first chapter of The Doctrine of Mean, Zhu Xi gives evidence of moral principle that ＂Sixteen Words＂ was true. From these we can get the following revelation that moral principle is more important than suspect of classics.