武陵山区农村中学生健康危险行为及其影响因素分析

Analysis on influencing factors of health risk behaviors of Wuling Mountainous middle school students

目的了解武陵山区农村中学生健康危险行为现况及其影响因素,为制定干预措施、开展健康安全教育提供参考。方法分层随机整群抽取武陵山区农村1 091名在校中学生,对缺乏体育锻炼、非安全场所游泳、自杀意念、吸烟、饮酒、网络成瘾等健康危险行为进行问卷调查,并对其影响因素进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果武陵山区农村中学生缺乏体育锻炼、非安全场所游泳、偏食、吸烟、饮酒、网络成瘾、自杀意念的报告率分别为70.49%,64.62%,26.86%,21.81%,26.76%,15.58%,18.24%。Logistic回归分析显示,初中生易发生偏食、网络成瘾行为(OR值分别为0.68,0.49),高中生易发生非安全场所游泳、自杀意念行为(OR值分别为1.57,0.46);女生易发生偏食、缺乏体育锻炼、自杀意念行为(OR值分别为0.71,0.65,0.44),男生易发生吸烟、网络成瘾、非安全场所游泳行为(OR值分别为6.75,3.54,2.20);独生子女是偏食的危险因素(OR=1.55),孤独是偏食、非安全场所游泳、自杀意念的危险因素(OR值分别为1.70,1.45,1.54),网络成瘾是偏食、自杀意念的危险因素(OR值分别为1.71,1.87)。结论农村中学生健康安全问题突出,普遍存在健康危险行为;学校应及早采取相关健康教育措施。

Objective To understand the health risk behaviors status and influence factors among middle school students in rural areas of Wuling mountainous, and to provide reference for making intervention. Methods A survey on health risk behaviors a- mong 1 091 hierarchically and randomly selected middle school students in rural areas about such items as lack of physical exerci- ses, unsafe place to swim non-reporting, suicidal ideation, smoking, drinking, and internet addiction. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of health risk behaviors. Results The report rate of lack of physical exercise, non-secure place for swimming, dietary bias, current smoking, current drinking, psychological dependence, suicidal ideation reported rates were 70.49%, 64.62%, 26.86%, 21.81%, 26.76%, 15.58% and 18.24 %, respectively; Logistic regression analysis showed that jun- ior high school students were more prone to dietary bias, psychological dependence, while non-high school students were likely to happen non-secure place for swimming, suicidal ideation. Girls were prone to dietary bias, lack of physical exercise, suicidal idea- tion, boys smoking easily occur, psychological dependence, non-secure place for swimming. Only children was the risk factor of di- etary bias（ OR= 1.55）, loneliness was the risk factor of dietary bias（ OR= 1.70）, non-secure place for swimming（ OR= 1.45）, sui- cidal ideation（ OR= 1.54） psychological dependence was the risk factor of dietary bias（ OR = 1.71）, suicidal ideation（ OR = 1.87）. Conclusion All these results prominently reveal that there are serious problems among middle school students in rural areas and schools should carry out relevant health education as early as possible.