重庆城区中小学生月经初潮及首次遗精与父母生育年龄的相关性

Relationship between menarche or first spermatorrhea among high and primary school students and parental age at birth in Chongqing

目的分析重庆城区中小学生月经初潮及首次遗精年龄与其父母生育年龄的相关性,为儿童青少年青春早期发育研究和健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,调查重庆主城2个区7 285名中小学生(男生3 649名,女生3 636名)的月经初潮、首次遗精年龄及其父母生育年龄。采用描述统计分析、t检验、多重线性回归等方法进行统计分析。结果重庆城区男生首次遗精的平均年龄为13.14岁,乡村男生比城镇男生早0.2岁(t=-3.016,P=0.003);女生月经初潮的平均年龄为12.43岁,城乡差异无统计学意义(t=-0.506,P=0.613)。母亲生育年龄对其子女月经初潮、首次遗精年龄影响无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);父亲生育年龄每增加1岁,其女儿月经初潮提前0.034岁(乡村提前0.019岁,P=0.024;城镇提前0.048岁,P<0.01),儿子首次遗精年龄提前0.025岁(乡村提前0.013岁,P=0.818;城镇提前0.029岁,P=0.027)。结论父亲生育年龄较大可能是其子女首次遗精、月经初潮年龄提前的影响因素之一。减少大龄产父母可降低其对儿童青少年生长发育的不良影响。

Objective To analyze the relationship between menarche or first spermatorrhea among high and primary school students and parental age at birth, and to provide a theoretical basis for early pubertal development research and health education. Methods By random stratified and cluster sampling, 7 285 students（ 3 649 boys, 3 636 girls）from two areas in Chongqing urban districts were enrolled, boys＂ first spermatorrhea, girls＂ menarche and their parental age at birth were studied. Statistics analysis sys- tem included description statistical analysis, t test, Multiple linear regression. Results Mean age of first spermatorrhea was 13.14 y, The boys in rural was 0.2 years earlier than urban（P=0.613） ; the average age of menarche was 12.43 years, but no significant difference between rural and urban（ 12.42 vs 12.45, P= 0.003） ; there was no significant difference between maternal age at birth and menarche or first spermatorrhea. Each year increase in paternal age showed a 0.034y （ Rural： 0.019, P= 0.024; Town： 0.048 y, P= 0.000）earlier onset of menarche in daughters and a 0.025 y （Rural： 0.013, P= 0.818; town： 0.029 y, P= 0.027）earlier onset of first spermatorrhea in sons. Conclusion A older paternal age at birth may he a risk factor for early first spermatorrhe, menarche of their offspring.