涅克拉索夫的《现代人》杂志研究

A Study of Nekrassov's Modern Man Magazine

涅克拉索夫的《现代人》杂志历时20年,是该刊影响最深广最辉煌的时期,众多19世纪文学大家纷纷在此出现;且其不再仅是一份文学杂志,更显示了强大的政论特征。正是这一点使其有力地介入了俄国的社会进程。而这一作用主要是由别、车、杜实现的。1847年别林斯基加盟,立即成为精神领袖,确定了杂志的新方向--聚焦社会问题,以研究现实为第一要务,文学的"现实主义"为此服务,历史研究也为现实服务。别林斯基去世后,1854—1862年间,车、杜氏主笔《现代人》,这是俄国社会改革最激烈的时期。杂志开辟"废除农奴制"专题,以坚定的反农奴制立场引领全社会公开讨论。在此期间,以"农民问题"和"革命问题"为核心,和自由派杂志与人士形成了激烈论争,最终因官方的审查及车、杜氏的离开和离世,杂志于1866年停刊。

Nekrassov,s Modern Man magazine had already lasted for 20 years, it was the most glorious period and the most profound days of influence, many famous literary authors of 19th century had appeared here; Conse-quently, it was not only a literary magazine but also showed strong political characteristics. It was this feature that made the magazine strongly involved in the Russian social process, and this function was mainly realized by Belin-sky ,Chemychevsky and Dobrolyubov. In 1847, Belinsky joined in the magazine and became the spiritual leader, he determined a new direction for the magazine, which focused on social problems and set up the study of realistic literature as its first priority, besides, the “ realism” of literature served for it and the history study also served for the reality. After the death of Belinsky, Chemychevsky and Dobrolyubov were in charge of the Modern Man maga-zine from 1854 to 1862. It was the most intense period of social reform in Russia. The magazine opened up the theme of “abolition of serfdom”,and with a firm stance against serfdom, it leaded the whole society to get involved in this open discussion. During this period, the magazine set up the issue of “ farmers” and “ revolution” as the core; it formed a heated debate with liberal magazines and personages. Finally, accompanied with the official re-view and the departure and death of Chemychevsky and Dobrolyubov, the magazine shut down in 1866.