供应中断风险下产能订购和回购联合决策研究

Research on the Joint Decision of Productivity Order and Buy-back under Supply Disruption Risk

针对供应链中断风险,研究了后备产能订购与回购契约同时作用于供应链时制造商和后备供应商的决策问题。根据Stackelberg博弈理论建立了模型,利用非线性规划进行求解,得出了制造商的订单分配策略以及备用供应商的生产和定价策略,并通过数值算例分析了两种契约对各成员决策的影响以及应对风险的效果。研究发现,回购契约可以有效应对需求波动;在供应中断风险较大时,回购契约对制造商的价值相对较小,制造商会从备用供应商处预订更多产能;且对于备用供应商来说,一定比例的产品外购可以增加利润。

Aiming at the risk of supply chain disruption,this paper examines the decision-making issues of manufacturers and back-up suppliers when the back-up capacity subscription and repurchase contracts act on the supply chain at the same time. Based on the Stackelberg game theory,this paper establishes a model,uses the nonlinear programming to solve,and obtains the manufacturer＇s order allocation strategy and the production and pricing strategy of the standby supplier. Through the numerical example,the paper analyzes the relationship between the two contracts impact and response to risk. The study found that the repurchase contract could respond effectively to demand fluctuations; when the risk of supply disruption was large,the repurchase contract was relatively small for the manufacturer,and the manufacturer would book more capacity from the standby supplier; and for the spare suppliers,a certain percentage of product outsourcing can increase profits.