中国传统舞蹈批评特征及模式刍议

Preliminary Study on the Characteristics and Patterns of Traditional Chinese Dance Criticism

中国传统舞蹈批评与西方传统舞蹈批评相比,中国古代舞评与"新闻业"并无关系,同时还存在一种差异很大的现象:即舞评与整体性文论不可分割。本文尝试以国际视野来探讨中国传统舞蹈批评,旨在从历史中探寻出规律,即找寻出中国传统舞蹈批评的模式,这既能够与古时中国的舞蹈艺术形态相符,也有对现代批评的逻辑架构分析在其中。由于中国传统艺术批评模式有其特殊性,并没有形成"作品-世界-艺术家-观众"那样明确且成体系的螺旋式循环结构,所以回顾中国传统舞蹈批评,本文总结出五种模式:伦理道德批评、"泛宇宙生命化"批评、"本体论"批评、"人化"批评、社会批评等。

Based on the characteristics of traditional dance criticism in China, this paper argues that ancient Chinese dance criticism had no connection to ＂journalism＂, but it was very closely interlinked with the in- tegrity of philosophical ideas, aesthetics and theory of literature and art. This paper also attempts to explore the criticism pattern according to four critical theories from the view point of M H Abrams and ancient Chi- nese literature, aesthetics and philosophy. Chinese traditional art criticism has its own particularity, which is not in Abrams＇ frame of artist, work, universe and audience, but is on its own track. This paper is conclu- ded with five patterns of traditional dance criticism in China.