美国助学贷款的困境、对策与趋势

The Dilemma,Solutions and Trends of Student Loans in US

美国的助学贷款现在面临着总额高、还款恶化、金融风险不断累积等问题,为缓解这些问题,美国联邦和州政府采取了传统的减免、推广按收入比例还款、再融资等措施,民间机构采取了提供金融咨询和雇主参与还款等多种举措来应对,美国联邦政府还准备对雇主实行税收减免以鼓励他们资助雇员还款。经过这些助学贷款政策参与主体的博弈,美国助学贷款未来的发展趋势是:按收入比例还款成为主流模式,政府补贴力度加大,加大对欠款人的追缴,缓解辍学问题。

Student loans in US have some problems,including the high total amounts,worsening repayment situation,the accumulating financial risk.Some measures have beentaken by US governments to relieve the problems,which are the traditional reduction andexemption of student loans,the promotion of income-contingent repayment,refinancing ofthe existing student loans,the other measures taken by the private sector are providing fi-nancial consultation,employer participating employee＇s repayment,and US governmentswill give tax deductions to the employers that want help their employees repay student loansin the future.Through the game of the participators of student loan policy,the future trendsof student loans in US are as follows,income-contingent repayment will be the main repay-ment of student loans,governments will increase the subsidy,the borrowers with late stu-dent loan debt will be in custody,the borrowers who drop out of college will be help to gettheir degrees.