长江中游城市群城市职能结构演变及其动力因子研究

A STUDY ON DIVISIONS OF URBAN FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE FOR URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN THE MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

以长江中游城市群为研究对象,提取出28个地级以上城市19个行业2000年和2013年的从业人员数据,归并为11种城市职能类型,运用区位商和纳尔逊等城市职能分析方法,从城市职能的专业化部门、职能规模和职能强度3个要素分析了长江中游城市群城市职能结构演变特征。结果显示,建筑业、行政、社会服务、金融业和商业为其基本职能部门,决定了区域整体职能结构与经济发展特征,特别是城市群内建筑业快速发展,生产性服务业部门发展缓慢。职能规模变化与全国同步,基本职能的专业化部门和职能强度总体增加。研究发现,自2000年以来,快速城市化、区域经济发展水平和国家政策是影响上述城市职能演变的主要动力因子。

With the Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River as research object, based on the persons employed in various units by sector in detail data according to the China city statistical yearbook, the information on the persons employed of 19 industry of 28 cities in the region in 2000 and 2013 was extracted, and then consolidated and reduced into 11 urban function types to analyze the urban functional divisions and its change and driving factors with respect to the specialized sectors, scale, and degree of intensification by means of Location quotient and Nelson. The results showed that, its basic urban functions include construction, administration, social services, finance and commerce and these determine the fimctional structure of the region and the characteristics of economic development that the rapid development of the construction industry within the urban agglomeration, the slow development of producer services sector. The changes of functional scale was consistent with the whole country, the specialized department and functional intensity of the basic fimctions increase. Urbanization, level of economic development and national policy was the important factors that affect the evolution of urban functions.