鼠耳蝠属染色体研究进展

Study on the Karyotypes of the Myotis

本文根据作者分析的安徽5种鼠耳蝠核型和文献报道的45种鼠耳蝠核型,对该属染色体组型及进化机制进行了讨论。该属染色体基本上相同,有四个共同特征,仅出现一些微小变化,我国绒鼠耳蝠是该属染色体数最多的一个种,2n=48,NF=54。通常认为,在同一个分类阶元中,染色体数目多,具有较多端部着丝粒染色体的为较原始类型,反之则为较进化类型。因此,绒鼠耳蝠可能是现存鼠耳蝠属动物最原始的种,该属的演化将主要遵循罗伯逊易位和衔接易位。在进化中是否伴随小染色体丢失,尚需进一步研究。

Karyotypes of about 45 species in Myotis have been analysed by Bickham, Harada et al. These studies have revealed that the karyotype of genus Myotis is extremely uniform, i. e. they are almost as: 2n=44, NF=50. Other 5 species in the genus in China have been analysed. The karyotype of M. laniger in them is 2n=48, NF=54. In most cases, chromosomal variation can be explained by robertsonian changes and tandem translocation. The more chromosome and terminal cetromere chromosome number the species have, the more original they are. The ancestral karyotype for the genus is hypothesized to be similar to that of M. laniger.