农村宅基地利用、农户宅基地退出补偿意愿调查与启示——基于安徽省821户农户问卷

Investigation and Enlightenment of Rural Residential Land Utilize and Farmers' Withdrawal and Compensation Willingness:Based on the Questionnaire of 821 Households in Anhui Province

对安徽省无为县、庐江县、埇桥区和潜山县821户农户家庭宅基地利用、宅基地退出与补偿意愿调研结果进行分析。结果表明:(1)不同地区的被调查农户宅基地退出意愿差异明显,经济发展水平相对较高的地区的农户更愿意退出宅基地。(2)针对愿意退出宅基地的农户而言,大多希望通过退出现有宅基地来改善目前的居住生活条件,获得相应的福利政策,同时考虑到为了避免宅基地常年闲置而愿意退出宅基地;而针对不愿意退出宅基地的农户而言,则对宅基地有感情、担心退出后家庭住房得不到保障、相关经济补偿不合理,同时预计农村土地未来有升值潜力而不愿意退出。(3)绝大多数农户对选择退出宅基地后是否进城十分谨慎,很多农民即使选择退出宅基地也不愿意进城。鉴于上述结论,提出了以下政策建议:实施多元化的宅基地退出补偿方式、确定合理的宅基地退出补偿标准、建立农村宅基地退出的配套政策保障机制和合理安排农村宅基地退出时序。

The descriptive statistics analysis method is used to analyze the rural residential land utilize, and the farmers＇ withdrawal and compensation willingness in four counties （districts） of Anhui Province. The result shows that, the exiting rural residential land intention difference of the investigated farmers is obvious. Overall, the farmers in relatively developed area are more willing to withdraw the rural residential land with the purpose of improving current living conditions,benfifiting appropriate welfare policies, and avoiding obsoleteness. For the farmers who have no willingness to withdraw, several reasons are included such as having sentiments to their residential lands, worrying about unreasonable economic compensation and expecting appreciation in the future. The vast majority of farmers are very cautious about moving to towns after withdrawing their lands. Several farmers are not willing to move into towns even they have decided withdraw their lands. Above all, policies and recommendations are proposed as follow which include implementing diversified compensation methods, setting up reasonable compensation standard, establishing the supporting policy guarantee mechanism and making a reasonable time table.