质子泵抑制剂与低镁血症

Proton pump inhibitors and hypomagnesemia

质子泵抑制剂(PPI)是目前治疗酸相关性疾病最有效的药物,短期应用安全性较高,但长期使用可产生一系列安全性问题,其中致低镁血症就是比较重要的问题之一。PPI致低镁血症属于一类可逆性不良反应,具有如下特点:只在长期用药时发生,且发生率极低;高龄及女性患者发生率偏高,通常与剂量无关;补充镁制剂疗效不佳;与利尿剂、肾毒性药物及有降低血清镁倾向的药物合用可导致低镁血症风险增加;H2受体拮抗剂是PPI的最佳替代治疗药物。本文针对PPI所致的低镁血症进行了综述。

Proton pump inhibitors（PPI） are currently the most effective drugs for the treatment of acid related diseases. They are safe in short-term use, but can cause a series of security problems after long-term use. Hypomagnesemia caused by PPI is an important adverse drug reaction with reversible effect and has the following features ： it only happens after long-term treatment with the extremely low occurrence rate ; the proportion is higher in the elderly and female patients and usually independent of PPI dosage ; magnesium supplementation is not effective for hypomagnesemia ; the risk of hypomagnesemia increases when PPI is combined with diuretics, nephrotoxic drugs and drugs of reducing serum magnesium ; H2-receptor antagonist is the best alternative of PPI. In this paper, we review hypomagnesemia induced by PPI.