比较视野下完善我国“职业禁止”期限决定机制研究

USING FOR REFERENCE EXTRATERRITORIAL EXPERIENCE TO IMPROVE TIME LIMIT DECISION MECHANISM OF "OCCUPATION PROHIBITION"

我国刑法修正案(九)首次规定了我国的职业禁止制度。分析了我国职业禁止期限制度的重要意义和诸多弊端,最突出的问题是职业禁止期限决定机制横向僵化与纵向僵化并存,这些问题导致罪责与受到的处罚严重失衡,也与预防犯罪的目的相违背。分析了德国、葡萄牙等国家和我国澳门地区对职业禁止的规定和决定机制。借鉴这些国家或地区的先进经验,提出我国应从延展基础期限、增加再次确认、暂缓执行与期限延长制度等4个方面对目前的职业禁止期限决定机制予以改进与完善。

Amendment to the Criminal Law of P. R. C. （9） provides the system of occupation prohibition for the first time. The paper analyzes the significance of the system and the disadvantages of the time limit of occupation prohibition. It points out that the most prominent problem lies in the fact that its time limit decision mechanism is horizontally and vertically rigid, leading to a serious imbalance between the guilt and its punishment and violating the purpose of crime prevention. The paper then analyzes the rules and regulations on occu- pation prohibition and the decision mechanism in Germany, Portugal and Macao. In using for reference the advanced experience of these countries or regions, it discusses how to improve the time limit decision mechanism of occupation prohibition, in such four aspects as follows： extending fundamental time limit, reconfirming the limit once again, suspending execution and time limit extension.