对“公有制企业高绩效假说”的数理分析

The Mathematical Analysis of the High Performance Hypothesis of the Public Owned Enterprises

"公有制低效率"作为改革公有制的依据,似乎已是共识。然而,程恩富教授提出的"公有制高绩效假说"认为,在公有制和私有制外部条件相同的情况下,公有制比私有制具有更高的绩效。该假说具有重大的理论价值和实践意义,为完善系统、科学的所有制结构改革提供了思想依据,因此十分有必要对该假说进行严格的数理证明。本文数理证明的结果显示,该假说具有良好的自封闭性,即在该命题的假设条件下,"公有制高绩效假说"是成立的,在外部条件大致相同的情况下,公有制在生产效率、资源配置效率、激励效率以及消费福利方面均不劣于私有制。这意味着,公有制的问题并不是公有制本身的问题,而是外部条件问题。企业改革的主要任务在于创新出与私有制企业相同的外部条件,而不是消灭公有制。

It seems that the consensus that the low efficiency of the public ownership has been the background for the reform of it has been reached. While, the high performance hypothesis proposed by Professor Cheng Enfu reveals that the public ownership can conduct a higher performance than the private ownership when they are put under the same external conditions. This hypothesis is of great theoretical value and practical significance and provides a scientific thought foundation for perfecting systematic and scientific ownership reform. Therefore, it is great necessary to provide a rigorous mathematical proof of the hypothesis. The mathematical proof in this paper shows this hypothesis is of good self-closure, which means the hypothesis that public ownership is of high performance is well proved under the assumed condition of this proposition. Under the similar extemal conditions, the public ownership is no worse than the private ownership in such aspects as productivity, resource allocation efficiency, incentive efficiency and consumer welfare, which means the problem of the public ownership results not from the ownership system but the external conditions. The public enterprises reform should focus on the innovating the same external conditions as shared by the private enterprises but not on eliminating the public ownership