南京市小学生身体素质综合干预效果分析

Effects of a comprehensive intervention program on physical fitness among primary school pupils in Nanjing City

目的了解综合干预措施对小学生身体素质的影响,为提高小学生身体素质提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取南京市8所小学1 384名三年级学生,随机分为对照组和综合干预组。对综合干预组小学生进行为期2年的健康教育、运动干预、行为干预和膳食干预等多方面综合干预,对照组则按照正常教学安排进行处理。结果研究开始时综合干预组和对照组学生体质量超标率、肥胖率和50 m跑、坐位体前屈、1 min跳绳和仰卧起坐等素质指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而经过2年的干预,综合干预组学生体质量超标率、肥胖率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各素质指标成绩显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论综合干预手段可以显著改善小学生各项身体素质,对于小学生健康成长有着重要意义。

Objective To explore the effects of a comprehensive intervention program on physical quality status of pupils in primary schools of Nanjing City, so as to offer the reference for improving the physical fitness of the pupils. Methods A total of 1 384 pupils from 8 schools in Nanjing City were divided into two groups randomly by the sampling method,namely, a comprehensive intervention group and control group. A comprehensive intervention, including health edu- cation, exercise intervention,behavioral intervention and rational nutrition, was conducted for 2 years in the comprehensive intervention group. The control group was given the routine school teaching arrangements. Results There were no statis- tically significant differencesbetween the two groups in terms of the overweight rate,obesity rate, and physical quality indi- cators at the beginning of the research （all P〉0.05 ）. However, 2 years after the intervention,the overweight rate and obesity rate in the comprehensive intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the physical quality indicators in the comprehensive intervention group were better than those in the control group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The com-prehensive intervention is avery effective approach to improve the physical fitness of the pupils in primary schools.