梯级水库建设对水环境的累积影响研究进展

Advances in study on cumulative effects of construction of cascaded reservoirs on water environment

为全面了解梯级水库建设的水环境累积影响,从水环境累积影响的定义、分类和特征三方面对其进行了总结,介绍了目前水环境累积影响研究的常用方法,着重归纳了梯级开发对径流、水质、水温和泥沙等水环境累积影响的研究成果,指出了各方面的影响范围和主要特征,探讨了梯级水库水环境累积影响研究的新趋势。我国梯级水库水环境累积影响研究处于发展阶段,目前的研究多集中于定性评价,急需建立统一的评价标准和评价方法,系统地认识梯级水库建设的环境效应。

In order to investigate cumulative water environmental effects of construction of cascaded reservoirs on water environment comprehensively, new understandings of cumulative water environmental effects are summarized from the definition,classification,and characteristics. Common methods for investigating cumulative water environmental effects are compared. Research achievements of cumulative environmental effects of cascade development on runoff,water quality, water temperature, and sediment are reviewed from the aspects of influence scope and main characteristics. New tendencies for future study on the cumulative effects of cascaded reservoirs on water environment are discussed. It is concluded that the study on the cumulative effects of cascade reservoirs in China, mainly qualitative evaluation at present, is in a developing stage. It is necessary to establish a unified evaluation criteria and method in order to systematically investigate the environmental effects of the construction of cascaded reservoirs.