吉林省2013年5岁以下儿童生长迟缓影响因素分析

Influencing Factors of Stunting in Children Under 5 Years Old in Jilin Province,2013

目的分析吉林省2013年5岁以下儿童生长迟缓状况的影响因素,为进一步改善儿童营养状况提供参考。方法利用吉林省2013年国家卫生服务调查数据,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析生长迟缓的影响因素。结果吉林省2013年5岁以下儿童生长迟缓发生率为23.8%。单因素分析显示,城市(OR=0.38,95%CI=0.25-0.57)、高收入(OR=0.40,95%CI=0.24-0.66)、母亲教育程度在初中以上(OR=0.50,95%CI=0.32-0.81)、安全饮用水(OR=0.41,95%CI=0.22-0.75)和卫生厕所(OR=0.36,95%CI=0.24-0.53)是儿童生长迟缓的保护因素。调整其他因素后,城市(OR=0.54,95%CI=0.31-0.94)、安全饮用水(OR=0.28,95%CI=0.13-0.60)和卫生厕所(OR=0.40,95%CI=0.24-0.67)仍表现出明显的保护作用;收入和母亲教育的影响差异无统计学意义。结论城乡分组和卫生环境是吉林省2013年5岁以下儿童生长迟缓的主要影响因素,为进一步提高儿童营养状况,应全面落实重大公共卫生服务项目。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of stunting in children under 5 years old in Jilin province in 2013,with an attempt to further improve the nutrition status among children. Methods Data on stunting in children under 5 years old in Jilin province were extracted from the National Health Services Survey2013 in Jilin province. The influencing factors of stunting were analyzed by using univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis.. Results The stunting prevalence in children under 5 years old was 23. 8% in 2013. Univariate analysis showed that urban residence（ OR = 0. 38,95% CI = 0. 25-0. 57）,high income（ OR = 0. 40,95% CI = 0. 24-0. 66）,mother＇s education level（ higher than primary school）（ OR = 0. 50,95% CI = 0. 32-0. 81）,safe water coverage（ OR = 0. 41,95% CI = 0. 22-0. 75）,and clean toilet coverage（ OR = 0. 36,95% CI = 0. 24-0. 53） are protective factors of stunting. After adjusting other factors,urban residence（ OR =0. 54,95% CI = 0. 31-0. 94）,safe water coverage（ OR = 0. 28,95% CI = 0. 13-0. 60）,and clean toilet coverage（ OR = 0. 40,95% CI = 0. 24-0. 67） still showed protective effects. Conclusions The urban-rural disparity and the availability of safe water and clean toilet are the major factors of stunting among children under5 years old in Jilin province. The major public health service program should be fully implemented to improve the nutrition status among children.