兼顾管理者需求和用户可接受性的交通诱导系统MPC设计

MPC design for traffic guidance system with consideration of management requirement and user acceptability

针对交通诱导系统中可变信息标志(VMS)的控制策略设计,该文在宏观Metanet交通流模型的基础上,研究了VMS诱导控制信号对驾驶员路径选择行为的影响,建立了路网诱导控制的状态方程模型。在模型预测控制(MPC)框架下设计了VMS诱导控制策略,以优化路网所有车辆的总旅行时间和VMS切换性能为目标函数,通过对诱导控制变量引入用户可接受约束,有效兼顾了交通管理者对系统最优的控制需求和交通用户对VMS推荐路径的可接受性。最后设计了基于禁忌搜索的双层并行求解算法对MPC诱导策略进行求解,利用并行计算保证MPC控制的实时性要求。仿真结果表明,该文设计的诱导控制策略能缓解路网拥挤,提高路网通行能力,对系统随机扰动具有较好的抗干扰能力。与基于系统最优的诱导策略和基于用户均衡的诱导策略相比,该控制策略不仅能满足管理者的控制需求,而且能均衡路网车流分布,减少交通用户的延误时间,提高用户对交通诱导系统的满意度。

In order to design the variable message sign（ VMS）control strategy for the traffic guidance system,the influence of the VMS control signal on the driver route-choice behaviour is discussed based on the macroscopic Metanet traffic flow model, and the state-space model for the network routing control is established. Then the VMS control strategy is designed in the model predictive control （ MPC ） framework, in which the total time spent （ TTS ） of all the vehicles and the switching performance of the VMS signal are considered as the objective function, and the user acceptance with the VMS route recommendation is introduced as the constraint. Both the requirements of the system optimal from traffic management and the user acceptance with the recommended route from the VMS are taken into account. Finally,the two loop searching algorithm based on the tabu search（TS） in the parallel computing （ PC ） is designed to solve the M P C routing control strategy, and the parallel computing is utilized to guarantee the real-time implementation of M P C control. The simulation results show that the proposed routing control strategy can relieve congestion, improve network capacity, and perform anti-jamming to system stochastic disturbances. Compared to the system- optimal-based routing strategy and the user- equilibrium-based routing strategy, the proposed strategy can meet the requirements of traffic management,balance the network flow distribution,decrease the user’s total time delay,and improve the user＇s satisfaction with the route guidance system.