弗荷杂交牛与荷斯坦牛热适应性、免疫功能和抗氧化性能比较研究

A Comparative Study on Thermal Adaptability,Immune Function and Oxidation Resistance of Fleckvieh × Holstein and Holstein Cows

为了探讨奶牛的遗传基础对耐热性和免疫机能的影响,对弗荷杂交牛(弗莱维赫×荷斯坦F1)与荷斯坦牛的生理生化、免疫和抗氧化指标进行了比较研究.采用品种分组试验设计,根据组间胎次、泌乳天数及产奶量相近的原则,选取18头弗荷杂交牛和18头荷斯坦牛.结果表明,热应激期,弗荷杂交牛的血清T4,CORT,IL-1,T-AOC和SOD水平显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),IgG,TNF-α,CD4和CD4/CD8水平极显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.01),直肠温度、红细胞钾和血清MDA水平显著低于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05);非热应激期,弗荷杂交牛的血清IgE,Ig M和CD4质量分数极显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.01),血清IL-6质量分数显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),血清MDA质量分数显著低于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05),二者的各项生理生化指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结果显示,热应激期,弗荷杂交牛的热适应性能、免疫功能和抗氧化性能高于荷斯坦牛,能较好地适应高温高湿的外界环境;非热应激期,弗荷杂交牛的免疫功能高于荷斯坦牛,机体的健康状况良好.

In order to explore the heat resistance of hybrid offspring of Holstein cows,the physiological and biochemical,immune and antioxidant indexes of Fleckvieh×Holstein and Holstein cows has been compared in this test,in which 18Fleckvieh×Holstein cows and 18 Holstein cows have been selected,according to the similar principle of inter-group parity,lactation days and milk yield.The results showed that,during heat stress period,the T4,CORT,IL-1,T-AOCand SODlevels of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are significantly higher than Holstein cows(P<0.05);The IgG,TNF-α,CD4 and CD4/CD8 levels of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are extremely significantly higher than Holstein cows(P<0.01);The rectal temperature,erythrocyte K and MDAlevels of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are significantly lower than Holstein cows(P<0.05).During non-heat stress period,the IgE,Ig M and CD4 content of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are extremely significantly higher than Holstein cows(P<0.01);the IL-6content of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows were significantly higher than Holstein cows(P<0.05);the MDAcontent of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are significantly lower than Holstein cows(P<0.05);the physiological and biochemical indexes have no significant differences between Holstein cows and Fleckvieh×Holstein cows(P>0.05).The above results meant that,during heat stress period,the thermal adaptability,immune function and oxidation resistance of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are higher than Holstein cows,and Fleckvieh×Holstein cows could better adapt to the environment of high temperature and humidity.During non-heat stress period,the immune function of Fleckvieh×Holstein cows are higher than Holstein cows.