考虑电流谐波的永磁同步电机电磁振动和噪声半解析模型

Semi-Analytical Model of Vibration and Noise for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Current Harmonics

提出了一种永磁同步电机快速半解析计算模型,可以分析常见的电流谐波对振动和噪声的影响,并提高了计算效率。首先通过解析和有限元相结合的方法计算了永磁体磁通密度和气隙比磁导,并建立了考虑任意电流波形的电枢磁通密度的解析模型,通过麦克斯韦应力张量方程计算径向电磁力,与有限元计算的电磁力吻合较好。其次通过二维傅里叶变换得到了特定空间阶数电磁力的频率成分,并基于壳体振动和声辐射模型分别计算了定子表面振动和噪声,计算结果能够反映实测振动噪声的主要峰值和分布。最后分析了电流谐波引起的振动噪声的阶次特征和峰值变化。该文提出的半解析模型为在设计阶段考虑电机的振动和噪声提出了一种有效分析方法。

This paper proposes a semi-analytical model which can be used to analyze the influence of current harmonics on vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor（ PMSM） and increases calculation efficiency. Firstly, analytical method and finite element（ FE） method were combined to calculate permanent magnet field and relative permeance. Analytical model for armature reaction field considering arbitrary current shape was also built and Maxwell stress tensor method was used to calculate radial force density. The result agrees well with the result that getting by FE method. Then,two dimensional（ 2-D） fast Fourier transform（ FFT）was employed to obtain the frequency of specifically spatial order force. The stator surface vibration and noise were predicted in the case of basing on the analytical model of shell vibration and sound radiation. The predicted results were validated by tests and are able to reflect the main vibration/noise peaks and distribution. Finally, the frequency order and peak changes of vibration and noise due to current harmonics were analyzed. The work in this paper can help to analyze the vibration and noise of PMSM efficiently in the design process.