中国-东盟南海问题“安全化”:进程、动因与解决路径

The “Securitization”of the South China Sea Issue between China and ASEAN:Process,Causes and Solutions

南海问题本是中国与部分东盟成员国之间的双边问题,而不是中国与东盟之间的问题。然而自20世纪90年代起,东盟便开始介入南海问题,并逐步将南海问题转化为中国-东盟之间的问题。中国-东盟南海问题"安全化"是中国与部分东盟成员国之间关于南海问题双边争端演化为中国-东盟安全问题的过程。东盟以南海问题"利益攸关者"身份积极参与南海问题,中国为维护南海地区稳定而采取的"救火式"应对措施,美日等域外国家对南海问题的大力介入,是中国-东盟南海问题"安全化"的主要动因。"去安全化"是解决中国-东盟南海问题"安全化"困境的主要方法,重新定位、稳定转化、置换议题、话语引导,是中国-东盟南海问题"去安全化"的有效路径。

The South China Sea issue is a bilateral issue between China and some ASEAN members,not between Chi-na and ASEAN. But since the 1990s,ASEAN began to intervene in the South China Sea issue,and gradually transformed it into the issue between China and ASEAN. The “securitization冶 of the South China Sea issue between China and ASEAN is that the South China Sea issue has evolved from a bilateral issue between China and some ASEAN member states into the China-ASEAN security issue. There are three main causes for the “ securitization冶 of the South China Sea issue between China and ASEAN： ASEAN,as a “stakeholder” of the South China Sea issue,has been actively intervened in dealing with the South China Sea issue; China took the “ fire-type” response measures to safeguard stability in the South China Sea re-gion; The United States and Japan and other countries outside actively intervene the South China Sea issue. “ Desecuritiza-tion” is the main method to solve the “ securitization” dilemma of the South China Sea issue between China and ASEAN. Change through stabilization, replacement, rearticulation, language guidance, are the valid path for the “ desecuritization” of the South China Sea issue.