稳定期精神分裂症患者病耻感影响因素分析

Influence Factors of Stigma among Stable Schizophrenic Patients

目的了解稳定期精神分裂症患者的病耻感水平,并分析其相关因素。方法采用一般情况调查表、精神疾病内在病耻感量表,对广州市某三级甲等专科医院272例稳定期精神分裂症患者进行问卷调查。采用Logistic回归分析探讨病耻感的影响因素。结果 213例(78.3%)患者存在病耻感,其中91例(33.5%)为中、重度。Logistic回归分析显示:患者的学历(OR=0.369,P<0.001)、工作状况(OR=0.393,P=0.030)、家庭收入(OR=0.636,P=0.010)、住院次数(OR=4.430,P<0.001)及病程(OR=5.392,P<0.001)是病耻感的影响因素。结论稳定期精神分裂症患者普遍存在病耻感,尤其是低学历、无业、家庭收入低、反复多次住院及病程长的患者更加突出;医护人员应重视这个问题,通过健康教育等方法减轻患者的病耻感。

Objective To explore stigma and its influence factors among stable schizophrenic patients. Methods Totally 272 schizophrenic patients were recruited in a psychiatric hospital. Demographic data were collected and Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale （ISMI） was completed to assess the level of stigma. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze the influence factors. Resul t s The prevalence of stigma was 78.3%, with 91 of them （33.5%） in moderate or high level. Education background （ OR =0.369, P〈0.001）, working status （P =0.393, $=0.030）, income of family （ OR =0.636, S=0.010）, times of hospitalization （OR=4.430, P 〈0.001）, and duration of illness （OR=5.392, P 〈0.001） were influence of stigma. Conclusion The prevalence of stigma is high among patients with schizophrenia. Education background, unemployment, low family income, more times of hospitalization, and longer duration of illness are influence factors of stigma. More health education is conducive to relieving stigma.