辽宁省凌海市2011—2015年布病的发病症状及暴露危险因素调查

Investigate the Risk Factors of Brucellosis Occupation Exposure and Symptoms from 2011—2015 in Linghai Area Liaoning Province

目的调查凌海市布病病症及暴露危险因素,为地区布病防治提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查方式,对锦州凌海市(县级市)21个乡镇,112个行政村2011—2015年的581人布病确诊病例进行调查。对本地区布病患者首次发病临床表现和职业暴露危险因素进行分析。结果布病患者发病年龄集中在45~64岁,占发病总数的61.5%。首次发病临床症状表现依次为:乏力症状占89.0%、发热症状占87.5%;关节肿痛占77.4%;多汗占59.4%;体重下降占36.9%;肌肉痛26.5%;头痛占20.8%;肝脾肿大占12.6%;睾丸肿大7.9%;淋巴结肿大占2.1%。调查发现职业暴露危险因素依次为:动物流产史占58.6%;牲畜接生占45.5%;亲自放牧占44.3%;处理皮毛占33.2%;接生无防护占24.6%;宰杀动物占23.6%;宰杀无防护占14.5%;宰杀+处理皮毛8.9%;饮用奶制品占0.7%。影响患者未及时就诊的主要原因:65.9%的患者不知道布病的危害和传播途径,49.6%的患者认为自己所患布病不要紧,30.9%的患者因为周围有类似症状的患者而未就诊,26.8%是经济的原因未及时就诊。结论辽宁省凌海市感染布病的临床症状主要为乏力、发热、关节肿痛及多汗,暴露危险因素主要为动物流产史及牲畜及其皮毛接触。凌海地区布病控制需要对广大牧区工作中进行宣传教育,加强个人防护。对于布病患者做到早发现、早诊断、规范治疗。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of Linghai occupation exposure survey of brucellosis,and to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment for the area.Methods All Data was obtained via questionnaire survey,total of 581 patients in Jinzhou Linghai city （county-level city）from 2011 to 2015,the survey confirmed cases of brucellosis.Results The most patients of Brucellosis Age from 45~65 years old,and it accounting for 61.5% of the total incidence.The first clinical manifestations：89.0% of patients were fatigue symptoms, the symptoms of fever was 87.5%, joint pain accounted for 77.4%, 59.4% people sweating, weight loss accounted for 59.4%, muscle pain 36.9%, headache 26.5%, hepatosplenomegaly 20.8%, testicular enlargement 12.6%, lymph nodes 2.1%.Objective to investigate the risk factors of occupation exposure：Animal abortion accounting for 58.6%, person grazing accounted for 44.3%, give birth to baby accounting for 45.5%, fur processing accounting for 33.2%, animal slaughter had no protection accounted for 24.6%, people killed without protection accounting for 23.6%, slaughter accounting for 14.5%, fur＋ treatment accounting for 8.9%, people drinking milk products accounting for 0.7%.Main factors influencing the patients without timely treatment,65.9% of patients did not know the hazards and transmission of brucellosis,49.6% of patients believed that their suffering from brucellosis does not matter,30.9% of the patients who have similar symptoms around the patients without treatment,the 26.8% is the economic reasons for not timely treatment.Conclusion Liaoning linghai infection of brucella clinical symptoms mainly for fatigue,fever,joint swelling and sweating,exposure risk factors mainly for animal abortion history and livestock and its fur.Brucella Linghai region need to work on the pastoral areas of publicity and education,strengthen personal protection.For brucella patients achieve early discovery,early diagnosis and treatment.