杂铜阳极泥综合回收有价金属实验研究

Experimental Study of Comprehensive Recovery Valuable Metals from Miscellaneous Copper Anode Slime

杂铜阳极泥是废杂铜经过熔炼产出粗铜后在电解精炼过程中得到的副产物,是提炼Pb、Sn、Ag、Au等有价金属的重要原料.对采用碳热还原-真空挥发工艺综合回收有价金属的可行性进行了理论分析,并且探讨了配炭量、还原时间、还原温度对碳热还原以及挥发时间、挥发温度对真空挥发的影响.研究结果表明：配炭量为12.7%,还原温度为1 200℃,还原时间为60 min,有价金属还原效果最佳.在系统残压5-25Pa,挥发温度为1 050℃,挥发时间为75 min,Pb的挥发率可达到95.46%,Sn S挥发率可达到91.7%,Cu残余率可达到98.57%,残余物中Ag含量可达到25.94%,Au含量可达0.11%.

Miscellaneous copper anode slime,a byproduct in the scrap copper smelting and electrolytic refining process of crude copper afterwards,is an important raw material to extract Pb,Sn,Ag,Au and other valuable metals. The feasibility of the carbon thermal reduction and comprehensive recovery technology of vacuum evaporation of the metal is analyzed theoretically. The effects of carbon amount,reduction time,reduction temperature on the reduction as well as the effects of evaporation time and temperature on the vacuum evaporation are discussed. The results show that： with carbon amount of 12. 7%,the reduction temperature 1 200 ℃,and the reduction time 60 min,the metal reduction is the best. In the system of residual pressure 5 - 25 Pa,evaporation temperature 1 050 ℃,the evaporation time 75 min,Pb evaporation rate can reach 95. 46%,Sn evaporation rate91. 7%,Cu residual rate 98. 57%,the residue Ag content 25. 94%,and Au content up to 0. 11%.