细菌性阴道炎患者阴道不同部位细菌群落多样性分析

Analysis of Bacterial Community Diversity in Different Parts of Bacterial Vaginosis Patients

细菌性阴道病（Bacterial Vaginosis,BV）是女性阴道内正常菌群失调所致的一种混合感染,以往的研究主要是基于显微镜观察和微生物的分离培养.阴道微生物群落结构为维持阴道菌群的生态平衡发挥关键作用,本研究可以为细菌性阴道炎的早期预防及治疗提供有力的信息.采用基于16S rRNA基因的高通量测序技术,对来源于云南省第一人民医院的9位BV患者阴道侧穹隆及后穹窿棉拭子样品中的细菌群落多样性进行分析研究.比较所有患者阴道侧穹隆及后穹窿细菌群落结构,侧穹隆与后穹窿样品细菌群落组成有较大差异,后穹窿样品多样性高于侧穹隆,但Lactobacillus与Cellulosimicrobium均为两者的优势属.在属的水平上分别分析各位BV患者阴道侧穹隆及后穹窿样品时,大部分患者的优势属是Lactobacillus,而在患者2及6侧穹隆与后穹窿中的最优势属分别是Cellulosimicrobium与Prevotella,其次为Lactobacillus;在患者5侧穹隆中的最优势属是Bacillus,而Lactobacillus的序列比只有1%;在7位患者后穹窿样品中,最优势的属是Acinetobacter,其次为Brevundimonas与Lactobacillus.对各位BV患者阴道侧穹隆与后穹窿的细菌群落结构进行聚类分析显示,同一患者不同部位细菌群落结构较为相近.9位BV患者阴道侧穹隆与后穹窿样品均具有较高的细菌多样性,由于生活环境及健康状况的不同,不同患者阴道侧穹隆与后穹窿微生物群落结构差异较大,且细菌多样性复杂;同一患者不同部位微生物群落结构较为相近.普雷沃氏菌属、芽孢杆菌属以及不动杆菌属在患者阴道中的大量存在,暗示BV患者阴道微生物确实处于极度不健康状态.

Bacterial vaginosis（ BV） is a mixed infection caused by the imbalance of the normal flora in female vagina. Previous studies were mainly based on microscopic observation and microbial isolation and culture. Since the vaginal microbial community structure plays a key role in maintaining the ecological balance of the vaginal flora,this study can provide advantageous information for the early prevention and treatment of bacterial vaginitis. The swab samples of side vault and posterior fornix from nine BV patients are collected from the First People＇s Hospital of Yunnan Province. High-throughput sequencing is employed to analyze and compare the microbial community diversity of the samples. Through the comparison of the microbial community structure of different parts in all BV patients,it is indicated that the microbial community structure of the side vault and posterior fornix present large differences,and the latter＇s diversity is significantly higher than the former,but Lactobacillus and Cellulosimicrobium are the dominant genera in both parts. On the genus level,it is shown clearly that the dominant genera of almost all subjects is Lactobacillus,however,Cellulosimicrobium and Prevotella are the dominant genera of subjects 2 and 6,respectively; and the most dominant genera in subject 5＇s side vault is Bacillus,yet Lactobacillus is only 1%. In subject 7,the dominant genera of posterior fornix is in the order of Acinetobacter,Brevundimonas and Lactobacillus. The cluster analysis of the bacterial community structure of the side vault and posterior fornix in different subjects shows that bacterial community structure is similar in different parts of the same subject. The swab samples of all BV patients have high bacterial diversity,and show large differences in the complicated structure due to their distinct living and healthy conditions. The microbial communities in different parts of the same patient are similar. The presence of much Prevotella,Bacillus and Acinetobacter in the vagina suggests that vaginal microbes in BV patients are indeed extremely unhealthy.