云南保山市隆阳区2006——2016年疟疾疫情

Malaria epidemic situation in Longyang District of Baoshan,Yunnan,2006-2016

目的分析2006—2016年保山市隆阳区疟疾疫情及流行特征,为制定和调整消除疟疾策略提供依据。方法通过收集2006—2016年保山市网络直报疟疾疫情数据,对疟疾发病情况、病例时间、地区、人群等分布特征进行分析。结果 2006—2016年隆阳区共发病1 135例,年平均发病率1.17/万,输入性病例1 118例,本地感染病例17例;其中间日疟836例(73.66%),恶性疟278例(24.49%),未分型21例(1.85%);发病高峰4—7月,共603例(53.13%);男性1 025例(90.31%),女性110例(9.69%);年龄分布以20~50岁组为主,发病916例(80.70%);农民为主要风险人群共发病1 064例(93.74%);各乡镇发病前三位分别是板桥镇、辛街乡、西邑乡,分别发病238例(20.97%)、135例(11.89%)、90例(7.93%)。结论隆阳区2006—2016年疟疾发病整体呈下降趋势,自2011年均为输入性病例。流动人员的管理,疟疾防治知识培训及健康教育,发热患者血检是疟疾防控的重点。

Objective To analyze malaria epidemic situation and characteristics from 2006 to 2016 in Longyang Districtof Baoshan City, and we provide references for making and adjusting strategies to eliminate malaria. Methods Analyze theincidence of malaria and its distribution characteristics such as time, area and population based on the data collected from theinternet on malaria epidemic in Baoshan from 2006 to 2016. Results During this period, there were 1 135 cases in LongyangDistrict（1 118 imported cases which were from other areas, and 17 local cases which infected in the local area）, and theaverage rate of annual incidence was 1.17/10 000. Of the 1 135 malaria cases, 836 cases（73.66%）were infected with Plasmodium vivax and 278 cases（24.49%）infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria, 21 cases（1.85%） wereundifferentiated. The disease peaked from April to July, with 603 cases（53.13%）. There were 1 025 males（90.31%）and 110females（9.69%）. People at the age between 20 and 50 years were mostly affected, with 916 cases（80.70%）. Farmers were themajor risk group, with 1 064 cases（93.74%）. Top 3 affected villages and towns were Banqiao Town, Xinjie Village and XiyiVillage, with 238 cases（20.97%）, 135 cases（11.89%）and 90 cases（7.93%）respectively. Conclusion From 2006 to 2016,the overall malaria incidence in Longyang District has decreased, and all cases were imported cases since 2011. The key to theprevention and control of malaria is to strengthen the management of migrating population, improve training and healtheducation of malaria prevention and control, and increase blood tests of malaria for fever patients.