海原县特岗教师结构变化的国家政策调整启示

The Enlightenment of the Adjustment of Specially Contracted Teachers' Policy in Accordance with the Changed Staff Structure in Haiyuan County

通过对海原县特岗教师结构变化的田野调查及访谈发现,受传统家庭观念、师资聘用政策以及教师收入、地位等因素影响,国家特岗教师政策实施五年来:农村中小学特岗女教师比例持续走高,农村小学特岗女教师增长速度快于初中;农村小学教师学历有时以专科为主,有时以本科为主,而初中教师学历总体趋于本科化;农村小学中途离岗的特岗教师人数越来越少,初中中途离岗的特岗教师人数比例总体偏高且变化不大;农村师范专业毕业的小学教师比例变化较大,而师范专业毕业的中学教师比例总体呈下降趋势。更新就业观念,形成新的切合西部农村实际的农村教师工资标准,实行特岗教师招聘向师范专业毕业生倾斜政策,打破关系网络,可能更有助于改善西部农村教师队伍结构。

By the field investigation, origin statistics and interview of the changes of the primary and middle school specially contracted teachers＇ structure in Haiyuan County of NingXia in the past 5 years, female teachers is increasingly higher, teachers; the education background of since primary school female teachers＇ ratio is always the proportion of higher than male primary school teachers sometimes consists mostly of College diploma, sometimes consists mostly of Bachelor degree, but Junior Middle School Teachers＇ diploma tends to be Bachelor degree; the high rate of demission and non-teaching specialty, placing them at random and not being used effectively by the influence of their income, status, the concept of gender functions of traditional family and the employment polices of teachers, which affects the reliability and validity of the policy implementation. Haiyuan county ~ S special changes in the composition of teachers inspire us to re-examine and form a new standard of pay and degree which fits the reality of western rural areas, favor normal school＇ s graduates while advertising, and the working opportunity and treatment of men and women is fair. That may be the new needs to adjust and improve the structure of teachers in western rural areas.