献血者捐献机采血小板对外周血部分实验室检查指标的影响

Effect of donating plateletpheresis on partial laboratory examination indexes of peripheral blood from blood donors

目的观察献血者捐献机采血小板后对外周血部分实验室检查指标的影响,以保证血液质量和献血者的健康安全。方法选取2016年3‐2016年7月于该站捐献机采血小板(Plt)的献血者70人作为研究对象,分别于捐献血小板前、后检测献血者血常规、血浆蛋白、免疫球蛋白及电解质K^+、Cl^-、Ca^(2+)、Na^+等指标。结果献血者捐献机采血小板后30 min,其Plt水平较献血前显著降低,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)和红细胞比积(Hct)与献血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);献血后14 d上述血常规指标与献血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);捐献机采血小板后30 min血浆中K+、Cl^-、Ca^(2+)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)及免疫球蛋白(Ig)G、IgA和IgM浓度较献血前显著降低,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);献血后14d K^+、Cl^-、Ca^(2+)及IgG、IgA和IgM浓度与献血前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),TP、ALB与献血前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),献血后30 min和献血后14d Na^+与献血前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论献血者捐献机采血小板后短时间内血小板、血细胞、电解质及血浆蛋白可恢复至正常,对身体影响较小,不会引起电解质紊乱和低蛋白血症。

[Objective]To observe the effect of donating plateletpheresis on partial laboratory examination indexes of peripheral blood from blood donors,and to ensure the safety of donors and quality of blood.[Methods]Senventy cases of donating plateletpheresis from March 2016 to July 2016 were selected as research objects,and blood routine,plasma protein,immunoglobulin,electrolyte K^＋,Cl^-,Ca^（2＋）,and Na^＋ were detected.[Results]Thirty minutes after donating plateletpheresis,compared with before donating,platelet level significantly depressed（P〈0.05）,white blood cell（WBC）,red blood cell（RBC）,hemoglobulin（Hb） and hematocrit（Hct） were not significantly different（P〉0.05）;fourteen days after donating plateletpheresis,compared with before donating,WBC,RBC,Hb and Hct were not significantly different（P〈0.05）;thirty minutes after donating plateletpheresis,K^＋,Cl^-,Ca^（2＋）,total protein（TP）,albumin（ALB）,inmiunoglobulin G（IgG）,immunoglobulin A（IgA） and immunoglobulin M（IgM） level significantly depressed（P〈0.05）;fourteen days after donating,K^＋,Cl^-,Ca^（2＋）,IgG,IgA and IgM were not significantly different（P〉0.05）,TP and ALB were significantly different（P〉0.05）;thirty minutes and 14 days after donating,compared with before donating,the levels of Na^＋ were not significantly different（P〉0.05）.[Conclusion]After donating plateletpheresis,the platelet,haemocyte,electrolyte and plasma albumen level can recover within short time,it has no bad effect on the physical health of donors,and has no electrolyte derangement and hypoproteinemia.