危机干预对飞行事故后飞行员心理健康状况的影响

Effect of Crisis Intervention on the Psychological Health Situation of Pilots After Air Accident

目的研究危机干预对飞行事故后飞行员心理健康状况的影响。方法于飞行事故发生后3 d内,采用症状自评量表(symptom check list-90,SCL-90)对事故发生单位的54名飞行员作为研究组进行调查分析,开展为期半年的危机干预,于事故后6个月进行SCL-90测评,与对照组的56名飞行员进行对比研究。结果飞行事故后3 d,危机干预前,研究组SCL-90总分和10个因子分值均值较对照组均明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);事故后6个月,危机干预后,研究组SCL-90总分和10个因子分值与干预前相比明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。危机干预后研究组躯体化和恐怖因子分值较对照组明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),精神病性因子分值较对照组明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。危机干预后,研究组SCL-90总分和10个因子分值超过2分以上的百分率较危机干预前明显下降;除躯体化和抑郁因子分值外,因子分值超过3分以上的百分率较危机干预前明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论飞行事故后,事故发生单位飞行员的心理健康水平明显下降,危机干预对飞行员心理健康状况具有明显促进作用。

Objective To study the effect of crisis intervention on psychological health situation of the pilots after air accident.Methods Fifty-four pilots were investigated with symptom check list 90（SCL-90）within3 days after air accident.The crisis intervention was carried out in three days,and the SCL-90 was tested again after six months.Fifty-six pilots who didn,t suffer the accident in the same time were analyzed and compared.Results Total SCL-90 score and scores of 10 factors were significantly higher than those in control group after accident for 3 days before crisis intervention（P〈0.001）.After crisis intervention,total SCL-90 score and scores of 10 factors were significantly decreased than those before crisis intervention（P〈0.001）,meanwhile,the somatization and terror scores of SCL-90 were significantly higher than those in control group（P〈0.05）.Psychotic score of SCL-90 was significantly decreased than that in control group（P〈0.01）.After crisis intervention,the percentages of total SCL-90 score and 10 factors scores which had more than two points,and the whole factors except somatization and depression which had more than three points were significantly decreased than those at a 3 days after accident（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The mental health level of pilots who have suffered accident are significantly decreased,and after the crisis intervention their mental health status can promote obviously.