电磁脉冲对太阳电池的损伤效应研究

Research on the Electromagnetic Pulse Damage Effect of Solar Cell

针对电磁脉冲对太阳电池造成的损伤效应,通过器件-电路联合仿真的方法,在建立硅太阳电池单元器件模型的基础上,分析研究了在阶跃脉冲电压的注入下,太阳电池性能的退化情况。结果表明:在电压幅值一定时,上升时间存在一临界值,当上升时间大于这一临界值时,太阳电池的性能退化是可恢复的,小于这一临界值时,太阳电池短路电流和开路电压将迅速衰减,填充因子也随之减小,电池部分失效甚至全部毁坏。在上升时间一定时,不同幅值的电压都会使得电池的短路电流和开路电压下降,但相对于开路电压,短路电流的下降并不显著,当电压幅值大于某一值时,开路电压下降趋于加快,随着电压幅值的不断增加,太阳电池将被击穿,从而完全失效。

Aiming at the electromagnetic pulse（EMP） damage effect of solar cell,through the joint simulation of device-circuit,the performance degradation of solar cells under step pulse voltage was analyzed and studied on the basis of the device model of silicon solar cells.The results show that,there is a critical value of rise time when the voltage amplitude keeps unchanged,and when the rise time is greater than the critical value,the performance degradation of solar cells is recoverable,otherwise,the short circuit current and open circuit voltage of solar cells will decrease quickly and also the fill factor will decrease,then the solar cells will be in partial failure or even completely destructed.The voltage of different amplitude will make both the short circuit current and open circuit voltage drop when the rise time of voltage is fixed,but compared with the open circuit voltage,the decline of short circuit current is not obvious.When the voltage amplitude is greater than a certain value,the open circuit voltage presents a faster decrease,and with the increase of voltage amplitude,the solar cells will be completely ineffective.