道路交通事故归责原则研究

Research of Liability Principle in Road Traffic Accident

道路交通事故中的首要环节也是最重要的环节就是侵权责任的划定,在《道路交通安全法》(以下简称为《交通法》)中,第76条规定了道路交通事故的归责原则,即过错责任原则与无过错责任原则所构成的"二元归责体系"。这一体系的建立既符合现代的立法思潮,同时也从一定程度上保障了弱势群体的合法权益。然而,面对情况复杂的交通事故,现有的归责原则仍有缺陷。本文以《交通法》第76条为文本线索,先对归责原则进行分析,进而立足归责原则的不足之处,从四个方面提出了完善道路交通归责原则的应对之策。

Delineation of liability is not only the first procedure in road traffic accidents, but also the most important procedure in ＂Road Traffic Safety Law＂ （hereinafter referred to as the ＂Traffic Law＂）. Article 76 stipulates the liability principle： Binary Liability System is constituted by fault liability and non-fault liability. The establishment of this system is not only in line with the modern trend of legislation, but also to a certain extent protects the legitimate rights and interests of vulnerable groups. However, in the face of complex traffic accidents, the existing liability principle of traffic accident is still flawed. Based on Article 76 of Traffic Law, this article analyzes liability principle and its shortcomings, and proposes countermeasures to perfect road liability principle from four aspects.